The “Upper Mississippi River Conservation Survey Committee” was created in Dubuque, Iowa on December 15, 1943, with 22 “River Rats” (biologists) from Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, and Wisconsin.  “Survey” was later dropped from the Committee’s name and now the organization is called the Upper Mississippi River Conservation Committee (UMRCC).  The Committee was envisioned to be only a temporary organization and would be terminated after completion of a three-year fish investigation. However, after fishery investigations got underway, biologists recognized the necessity of a permanent organization.  Although the UMRCC formed mostly due to commercial fishing issues, there was an abundance of other conservation issues that could be more effectively tackled if the five states spoke with a unified voice. Since 1943, the UMRCC has grown to more than 200 resource managers working in multiple disciplines including fisheries, mussels, recreation, wildlife, water quality, vegetation, education, and law enforcement.

Original committee's three major objectives:

• Determine nature and importance of sport and commercial fisheries of the UMR and factors influencing abundance of fish

• Determine importance of wildlife resources other than fish in the UMR and factors governing abundance of various species

• Collect data and provide suggestions for uniform fishing regulations among the states, and supply recommendations for physical control of the river relating its affect on wildlife resources.

Records indicate that Aldo Leopold attended some early UMRCC meetings and advocated inclusion of freshwater mussels in the Committee's fishery survey work.

THE RIVER HAS NO BEGINNING OR END.
IN ITS BEGINNING, IT IS NOT YET THE RIVER;
IN ITS END IS NO LONGER THE RIVER.
WHAT WE CALL HEADWATERS IS ONLY A SELECTION FROM AMONG THE INNUMERABLE SOURCES WHICH FLOW TOGETHER TO COMPOSE IT.
AT WHAT POINT IN IT'S COURSE DOES THE MISSISSIPPI BECOME
WHAT THE MISSISSIPPI MEANS?

-- T.S. ELIOT